Putin signs 2025 budget execution law with 5.626 trillion ruble deficit

Vladimir Putin signed the law on execution of Russia’s 2025 federal budget on October 19. The deficit stood at 5.626 trillion rubles, or 2.6% of GDP.

Revenue reached 37.283 trillion rubles, an increase of 1.5% from 2024. Spending totaled 42.91 trillion rubles. The law was published on the official legal information portal.

Budget priorities included social support, defense and security, assistance for participants in the military operation and their families, and national projects supporting technological development.

Alexander Zhukov, deputy speaker of the State Duma, previously said growth in domestic production had offset lower oil and gas revenue amid additional sanctions. He said social payments were indexed to inflation and spending on children exceeded 3 trillion rubles.

More than 1 trillion rubles went to industry and eight national projects aimed at technological sovereignty were launched. The project finance program provided over 900 billion in subsidized loans, while the Industrial Development Fund supported 263 new projects.

Transport received more than 1.7 trillion rubles. Agriculture and rural areas received over 600 billion rubles, exceeding the plan by 200 billion rubles.

Infrastructure budget loans totaling 250 billion rubles were provided to 84 regions. A further 227 billion rubles of regional budget loan debt was written off on the president’s instructions.